What Is Fabric Width and Selvage?
The selvage is the tightly woven finished edge that runs along both sides of the fabric. It prevents the fabric from fraying and is often slightly thicker or printed with manufacturer information.
When cutting garments, you usually do not include the selvage in your pattern pieces. It is mainly used as a reference for fabric direction and stretch orientation.
Fabric Bolt Widths Explained
Fabric is sold off a bolt and comes in different widths. The width refers to the measurement from one selvage edge to the other.
Common fabric widths include:
- 36 inches (91 cm) – Common for quilting cotton and some specialty fabrics
- 44 to 45 inches (112 to 114 cm) – Standard cottons and lightweight wovens
- 54 inches (137 cm) – Many apparel fabrics
- 58 to 60 inches (147 to 152 cm) – Very common for stretch fabrics and knits
Stretch fabrics used for patterns are often 58 to 60 inches wide, which allows larger pattern pieces like sleeves and legs to fit more efficiently.
Trims, mesh panels, vinyl, faux leather, and specialty materials may come in narrower or wider widths depending on the manufacturer.
Always check the fabric width before purchasing yardage. Narrower fabrics may require additional yardage to complete your garment.
Understanding fabric width helps you plan layout, reduce waste, and ensure you buy enough material for your project.